Skeleton-faced Asteroid to Pass Earth Again
 Radar epitome of 2015 TB145 taken by the Arecibo Observatory on 30 October 2015. | |
| Discovery[i] | |
|---|---|
| Discovered past | Pan-STARRS |
| Discovery date | 10 October 2015 |
| Designations | |
| MPC designation | 2015 TB145 |
| Minor planet category |
|
| Orbital characteristics[2] | |
| Epoch 31 May 2022 (JD 2459000.5) | |
| Doubtfulness parameter 0 | |
| Observation arc | three.11 yr (i,137 d) |
| Aphelion | 3.9073 AU |
| Perihelion | 0.2941 AU |
| Semi-major axis | 2.1007 AU |
| Eccentricity | 0.86002 |
| Orbital menstruum (sidereal) | 3.04 year (ane,112.1 d) |
| Hateful anomaly | 121.744° |
| Mean motility | 0° 19m 25.364s / day |
| Inclination | 39.6899° |
| Longitude of ascending node | 37.698° |
| Statement of perihelion | 121.744° |
| Earth MOID | 0.00295731 AU (442,407 km) |
| Jupiter MOID | 2.41052 AU |
| TJupiter | 2.97 |
| Concrete characteristics | |
| Dimensions |
|
| Synodic rotation menses |
|
| Geometric albedo | 0.06[5] |
| Accented magnitude(H) | xx.0[2] [six] |
2015 TB145 is a sub-kilometer asteroid, classified every bit virtually-World object and potentially hazardous asteroid of the Apollo group, approximately 650 meters (2,000 feet) in diameter.[3] It safely passed 1.27 lunar distances from Earth on 31 October 2022 at 17:01 UTC,[7] and passed by Globe again in November 2018.
Discovery [edit]
Discovery image of 2015 TB145 from the Pan-STARRS1 telescope, operated by the Found for Astronomy at the University of Hawaii.
The asteroid was first observed on 10 October 2022 by Pan-STARRS at an apparent magnitude of 20 using a one.8-meter (71 in) Ritchey–Chrétien telescope.[1] [6] [a] The asteroid was non discovered sooner because it spends most of its time beyond the orbit of Mars, has a large orbital inclination, and is commonly well below the airplane of the ecliptic.[9] The asteroid concluding passed within 0.064 AU (nine,600,000 km; 5,900,000 mi) of World on 29 October 1923 and will non laissez passer that close once again until one Nov 2088.[7]
The media has nicknamed the asteroid the "Great Pumpkin"[10] after the animated Halloween television special Information technology's the Cracking Pumpkin, Charlie Brown,[eleven] "Spooky",[12] the "Halloween Asteroid",[thirteen] [fourteen] and the "Skull Asteroid"[xi] due to its skull-like appearance post-obit radio frequency images taken at Arecibo Observatory and closest arroyo coincidentally occurring on Halloween day.[11]
2015 flyby [edit]
2015 TB145 passed 1.27 LD from the world, and 0.75 LD from the moon.
On 31 October 2022 the asteroid passed 0.00191 AU (286,000 km; 178,000 mi) from the Moon and then passed 0.00325 AU (486,000 km; 302,000 mi) from Earth.[vii]
The last approach this close by an object with accented magnitude brighter than twenty was 2004 XP 14 on iii July 2006 at one.1 lunar distances. The next object this large known to pass this close to Earth is (137108) 1999 AN ten that volition pass about one lunar altitude from Globe on 7 Baronial 2027.[xv] Information technology is estimated that at that place are about 2400 almost-Earth asteroids 300–500 meters in diameter, of which about 1100 have been discovered.[16]
During closest approach to Globe the asteroid reached about apparent magnitude 10,[17] which is much as well faint to be seen by the naked middle. Fifty-fifty at peak brightness, the asteroid was a challenging target for amateur astronomers with modest telescopes, best seen in the Northern hemisphere. The glare from an 80% waning gibbous Moon likewise hindered observations.[ citation needed ]
At 11:00 UT the asteroid was in the constellation of Taurus about 9 degrees from the Moon and moving at a rate of three.iv degrees per hour.[17] At the time of closest approach of 17:00 UT the asteroid was in the constellation of Ursa Major near 56 degrees from the Moon and moving at a rate of 14.7 degrees per hour.[17] Afterwards closest approach it quickly became also faint and too shut to the Sunday in the sky to be seen.[15]
2018 flyby [edit]
After it had been unobservable for most three years, 2015 TB145 was recovered on vii Oct 2022 by L. Buzzi at Schiaparelli Observatory (observatory code 204), at apparent magnitude 21.[19]
The 11 November 2022 flyby was almost 0.267 AU (39,900,000 km; 24,800,000 mi) from Earth.[7] [20]
Observations [edit]
Radar imagery [edit]
The close approach was studied with radar using Goldstone, the Light-green Bank Telescope,[xv] and the Arecibo Observatory. Information technology was 1 of the all-time radar targets of the year with a resolution equally high as two meters (7 ft) per pixel.[15] Bistatic radar images created with the Light-green Banking company Telescope had a resolution of 4 meters (13 ft) per pixel.[21] Arecibo images had a resolution of 7.5 meters (25 ft) per pixel.[five]
| 30 October | 31 October 12:55–13:08 UTC | 1 November |
|---|---|---|
 |  | |
Possible cometary origin [edit]
The loftier orbital inclination and eccentricity suggest 2015 TB145 may be an extinct comet that has shed its volatiles afterward numerous passes around the Sun.[5] [22] Orbital calculations by Petrus Jenniskens and Jérémie Vaubaillon showed that it was not expected to produce associated meteors in 2015.[23] Any meteoroids were expected to pass more than 0.0007 AU (100,000 km; 65,000 mi) from Earth's orbit.[23]
If meteoroids related to this asteroid were to cross Earth's path, the radiant is expected to exist near Northern Eridanus.[23] Cameras for Allsky Shooting star Surveillance (CAMS) did not notice any activity in the presumed area of the heaven during 2013 and 2014.[23] The object has a low albedo of 0.06, which is only slightly more than a typical comet that has an albedo of 0.03-0.05.[5]
Notes [edit]
- ^ For comparison, effectually half dozen October 2012, the asteroid peaked at about apparent magnitude 20.9, but had a solar elongation of just about 75 degrees while 0.4 AU from Earth.[8]
References [edit]
- ^ a b "MPEC 2015-T86 : 2022 TB145". IAU Pocket-sized Planet Middle. 13 October 2015. Retrieved 14 October 2015. (K15TE5B)
- ^ a b c d "JPL Pocket-size-Trunk Database Browser: (2015 TB145)" (2018-11-xx last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 1 March 2020.
- ^ a b Müller, T. G.; Marciniak, A.; Butkiewicz-Bąk, Thousand.; Duffard, R.; Oszkiewicz, D.; Käufl, H. U.; Szakáts, R.; Santana-Ros, T.; Kiss, C.; Santos-Sanz, P. (Feb 2017). "Big Halloween asteroid at lunar distance" (PDF). Astronomy & Astrophysics. 598: A63. arXiv:1610.08267. Bibcode:2017A&A...598A..63M. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201629584. S2CID 119162848. Retrieved 13 October 2018.
- ^ "Asteroid Size Calculator". CNEOS NASA/JPL. Retrieved 16 February 2018.
- ^ a b c d eastward f Halloween Skies to Include Dead Comet Flyby. NASA-JPL press release. 30 Oct 2015
- ^ a b "2015 TB145 Orbit". IAU Minor Planet Middle. Retrieved 24 Jan 2016.
- ^ a b c d "JPL Close-Approach Data: (2015 TB145)" (concluding observation: 2015-10-27; arc: 17 days). Retrieved 22 October 2015.
- ^ "2015TB145 Ephemerides for October 2012". NEODyS (Near World Objects – Dynamic Site). Retrieved 24 October 2015.
- ^ Kelly Beatty (22 October 2015). "Shut-in Asteroid Offers Halloween Treat". Sky & Telescope. Retrieved 26 October 2015.
- ^ Sarah Begley (30 Oct 2015). "NASA Says 'Great Pumpkin' Asteroid Will Fly by on Halloween". TIME Magazine.
- ^ a b c Nick Divito (31 October 2015). "Spooky 'skull asteroid' whizzes past World on Halloween". New York Postal service.
- ^ Andrew Fazekas (23 October 2015). "Asteroid Called 'Spooky' Will Buzz Earth on Halloween". National Geographic Gild.
- ^ Koren, Marina (31 October 2015). "A Halloween Comet". The Atlantic . Retrieved 1 January 2019.
- ^ ESA (28 October 2015). "Halloween Asteroid Gives united states of america a Miss, Confirms ESA". European Space Agency. Archived from the original on 4 May 2017. Retrieved two November 2015.
- ^ a b c d Dr. Lance A. Chiliad. Benner (24 Oct 2015). "Goldstone Radar Observations Planning: 2009 FD and 2022 TB145". NASA/JPL Asteroid Radar Research. Retrieved 24 October 2015.
- ^ "WISE Revises Numbers of Asteroids Well-nigh Earth". NASA/JPL. 29 September 2011. Retrieved 29 Oct 2015. (NASA Space Telescope Finds Fewer Asteroids Near Earth)
- ^ a b c "2015TB145 Ephemerides for 15 Oct 2022 through 31 October 2015". NEODyS (Near Earth Objects – Dynamic Site). Retrieved 14 Oct 2015.
- ^ a b Marchis, F.; et al. "Multiple asteroid systems: Dimensions and thermal backdrop from Spitzer Space Telescope and ground-based observations". Icarus. 221 (2): 1130–1161. Bibcode:2012Icar..221.1130M. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2012.09.013. Retrieved 24 August 2018.
- ^ "MPEC 2018-T130: 2022 TB145". Minor Planet Middle. 10 October 2018. Retrieved xiii Oct 2018.
- ^ Williams, Matt (1 Oct 2018). "The "Death Comet" Will Pass By World Just After Halloween". Universe Today. Retrieved 13 Oct 2018.
- ^ "PIA20043: Halloween Asteroid Rotation". NASA/JPL-Caltech/GSSR/NRAO/GB. 3 November 2015. Retrieved 4 November 2015.
- ^ Agle, D. C. (21 October 2015). "NASA Spots the 'Bully Pumpkin': Halloween Asteroid a Treat for Radar Astronomers". NASA News . Retrieved 26 October 2015.
- ^ a b c d "Possible October 31 Meteors From Minor Planet 2022 TB_145". SETI Institute. 26 October 2015. Archived from the original on 28 October 2015. Retrieved 26 October 2015. (CBET 4154)
External links [edit]
 | Wikimedia Commons has media related to 2015 TB145. |
- Alarm! Brilliant NEO 2022 TB145 on 29–31 October 2015 – Ian Musgrave (itelescope)
- WebCite archive of JPL solution #2 from 14 Oct 2015
- Halloween Asteroid is a Radar Science Treat (NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory on YouTube)
- Halloween Asteroid 2022 TB145 Flyby Jerry Hilburn, ten/31/2015 12:12-12:24AM, Catfish Observatory, Teirra Del Sol, Canon 5D and an Orion ED 80 Refractor on an AVX Celestron Mount
- 2015 TB145 at NeoDyS-2, Virtually Globe Objects—Dynamic Site
- Ephemeris· Obs prediction· Orbital info· MOID· Proper elements· Obs info· Close· Concrete info· NEOCC
- 2015 TB145 at ESA–space situational awareness
- Ephemerides· Observations· Orbit· Concrete Properties· Summary
- 2015 TB145 at the JPL Small-Body Database
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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_TB145
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